Enye yezinto eziphambili zesixhobo sokuphotha somatshini kunye ne-turntable idlala indima eqinisekileyo ekusebenzeni kwesixhobo somatshini.

I-spindleukuzala

Njengenxalenye ephambili yesixhobo somatshini, ukusebenza kwe-spindle kuya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuchaneka kokujikeleza, isantya, ukuqina, ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, ingxolo kunye nezinye iiparameters zesixhobo somatshini, okuya kuthi kwakhona kuchaphazele umgangatho wokwenziwa komsebenzi, onjalo. njengokuchaneka kwe-dimensional yecandelo, uburhabaxa bomphezulu kunye nezinye izikhombisi. Ke ngoko, ukuze kugcinwe amandla omatshini abalaseleyo wezixhobo zoomatshini, kufuneka kusetyenziswe iibheringi eziphezulu zokusebenza. Ukuchaneka kweebheringi ezisetyenzisiweyo kwi-spindles zesixhobo somatshini kufuneka zibe yi-ISO P5 okanye ngaphezulu (i-P5 okanye i-P4 ngamabakala okuchaneka kwe-ISO, ngokuqhelekileyo i-P0, i-P6, i-P5, i-P4, i-P2 ukusuka ephantsi ukuya phezulu), kunye nezixhobo ze-CNC ze-high-speed machine, machining. Amaziko, njl iibheringi zokusonta ziquka iibheringi zebhola e-angular, iibheringi tapered roller, kunye neebheringi cylindrical roller.

1. Ukuchanekaiibheringi zebhola zoqhagamshelwano

Phakathi kweentlobo ezikhankanywe ngasentla zeebheringi, ukuchaneka kweebhola zebhola ze-angular (jonga uMzobo 2) zizona zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Sonke siyazi ukuba i-rolling elements of aangular contact ball bearings ziibhola; ngenxa yokuba i-point contact (eyahlukileyo kumgca wokuqhagamshelana nomgca we-roller bearings), inokubonelela ngesantya esiphezulu, ukuveliswa kobushushu obuphantsi kunye nokujikeleza okuphezulu Ukuchaneka. Kwezinye izicelo ze-ultra-high-speed spindle, iibheringi ze-hybrid ezineebhola ze-ceramic (ngokuqhelekileyo i-Si3N4 okanye i-Al2O3) nazo zisetyenziswa. Xa kuthelekiswa neebhola zentsimbi zemveli eziqinisiweyo ngokupheleleyo, iimpawu zezixhobo zebhola ze-ceramic zinika iibheringi zebhola ze-ceramic ezinobunzima obuphezulu, isantya esiphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, kunye nobomi obude, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zabathengi abaphezulu bezixhobo zokuthwala izixhobo zomatshini.

2. Ukuchanekaiibheringi tapered roller

Kwezinye izixhobo zokusebenza zesixhobo somatshini kunye nemithwalo enzima kunye neemfuno ezithile zesantya-ezifana nokusila i-forgings, umatshini wokucoca ucingo lwemibhobho yepetroleum, i-lathes enzima kunye noomatshini bokugaya, njl., ukukhetha ukuchaneka kweebheringi ze-tapered roller isisombululo esifanelekileyo. Ngenxa yokuba i-roller ye-tapered roller bear yenzelwe ukudibanisa umgca, inokubonelela ngokuqina okuphezulu kunye nomthamo womthwalo we-shaft enkulu; ukongeza, i-tapered roller yokuzala iluyilo olusulungekileyo, olunokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kakhulu. I-torque kunye nobushushu bokuqinisekisa isantya kunye nokuchaneka kwe-spindle. Ekubeni iibheringi ze-tapered roller zinokuhlengahlengisa ukulayishwa kwangaphambili kwe-axial (ukucocwa) ngexesha lenkqubo yokufakela, oku kuvumela abathengi ukuba baphucule ngcono ukulungiswa kwe-axial clearance ngexesha lobomi bonke bokuthwala.

3. Ukuchaneka kweebheringi ze-cylindrical roller

Ekusetyenzisweni kweespindles zesixhobo somatshini, iibhereyidi zerola ezichanekileyo eziphindwe kabini zikwasetyenziswa, ngokuqhelekileyo zidityaniswe nokuchaneka kweebheringi zebhola zoqhagamshelwano okanye iibheringi eziphoswayo. Olu hlobo lokuthwala lunokumelana nemithwalo emikhulu ye-radial kwaye ivumele isantya esiphezulu. Imiqolo emibini ye-roller kwi-bearing ihlelwe ngendlela enqamlekileyo, kwaye i-frequency ye-fluctuation ngexesha lokujikeleza iphezulu kakhulu kunomgca omnye wokuthwala, kwaye i-amplitude iyancipha ngama-60% ukuya kwi-70%. Olu hlobo lokuthwala ludla ngokuba neefom ezimbini: NN30, NN30K iibheringi ezimbini zeeseries ezineembambo kwiringi yangaphakathi kunye neringi yangaphandle eyahlukanayo; I-NNU49, i-NNU49K iibheringi ezimbini zechungechunge ezineembambo kwiringi yangaphandle kunye neseyingi yangaphakathi eyahlukanayo, phakathi kwayo i-NN30K kunye ne-NNU49K series Iringi yangaphakathi ngumngxuma odibeneyo (i-taper 1:12), ehambelana nejenali ye-tapered ye-shaft engundoqo. Iringi yangaphakathi inokuhanjiswa nge-axially ukwandisa i-ring yangaphakathi, ukwenzela ukuba ukunyanzeliswa kokukhutshwa kunokuncitshiswa okanye kuqiniswe kwangaphambili ukuthwala (imeko yokukhutshwa kwe-negative). Iibheringi ezine-cylindrical bores zivame ukutshisa, zisebenzisa ukuphazamisa ukulungelelaniswa ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-bearing clearance, okanye ukuqinisa kwangaphambili ukuthwala. Kwiibheringi zeNNU49 ezineringi yangaphakathi eyahlukanayo, umdyarho ulungiswa ngokubanzi emva kokuba umsesane wangaphakathi uxhotyiswe ngeshafti engundoqo ukuphucula ukuchaneka kokujikeleza kweshaft engundoqo.