Ishishini elithweleyo lishishini elisisiseko lemveliso kunye neshishini elibalulekileyo elixhasa izixhobo eziphambili zesizwe kunye neshishini lokuvelisa izixhobo ezichanekileyo. Uphuhliso lwayo ludlale indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lweshishini lemveliso yelizwe lam.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umfutho wophuhliso lweshishini lemveliso yelizwe lam ube namandla, nto leyo eya kuzisa iziphumo ezilungileyo kuphuculo oluzinzileyo lwemveliso.ukuzalaimarike yentsimbi. Imfuno yenani leebheringi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ikhule kakhulu, njengeebheringi ze-aerospace, iibheringi ezichaneka ngesantya esiphezulu kwisixhobo sokuphotha somatshini, ukuchaneka kweebheringi zebhola zoqhagamshelwano ezichanekileyo ezixhasa izikrufu zebhola, iibheringi zokuphotha ezinesantya esiphezulu, iibheringi ezijikajikayo, umoya. iibheringi zamandla, iibheringi ezidibeneyo zomatshini wekhaka, njl. Imfuno enkulu idale uphuhliso lwenani elikhulu lamashishini.

Ngokwezibalo, kukho ngoku ngaphezulu kwe-1,400 amashishini athweleyo kwilizwe lam, aqeshe abantu abangaphezu kwama-300,000. Ngo-2011, ixabiso lilonke lemveliso yemveliso yelizwe lam elivelisa imveliso ibe yi-193.211 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ukunyuka konyaka ngonyaka ngama-27.59%.

Nangona imeko iyonke iphucuka, ngokuvela koqoqosho lwehlabathi kunye nokudityaniswa, ishishini elithwalayo nalo lijongene nemingeni emikhulu, kubandakanywa ukucutha okukhawulezileyo komjikelo wobomi bemveliso, ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso okuphezulu kwemfuno yemveliso kunye nokhuphiswano kwiimarike ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. iingxaki eziye zaba mandundu. Ukusombulula ezi ngxaki, ishishini lokuthwala kufuneka liqale kwizinto ezininzi.

1. Ukuphucula umxholo wezobugcisa bemveliso, ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuthembeka kunye nokuchaneka

Ukujonga kulwakhiwo lwangoku lwemveliso yoshishino lwelizwe lam, umthamo wemveliso yeebheringi eziqhelekileyo ezinomxholo ophantsi wobugcisa wanele ngokwaneleyo; ngelixa iibheringi ezinobuchwephesha obuphezulu, umxholo ophezulu wobugcisa kunye nexabiso eliphezulu elongezelelweyo ziibheringi zokuzithambisa ezineempawu ezizodwa kwaye zinokuhlangabezana neemeko ezikhethekileyo zokusebenza. , nokuba kuluhlu okanye ubuninzi, kukho igumbi elikhulu lophuhliso. Ngokombono womgangatho wemveliso kunye nenqanaba lobugcisa, ilizwe lam lisafuna ukungenisa inani elikhulu leebheringi eziphezulu eziphezulu minyaka yonke.

Ukuphucula i-R&D, uyilo kunye nesakhono sokwenza ukutyibilikaukuzalaabavelisi yindlela yodwa yokufikelela kumxholo wetheknoloji ephezulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu kweebheringi ze-sliding. Ngenkxaso yemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe, kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo loshishino lwelizwe lam lokuvelisa izixhobo, kulindeleke ukuba amashishini akwishishini lokutyibilika agxile ekuphuculeni ukuchaneka, ukusebenza, ubomi kunye nokuthembeka kokuthwala imveliso kwixesha elizayo njengotyalo-mali oluphambili. ulwalathiso. abavelisi belizwe lam bathe gqolo ukuphucula inqanaba lophando kunye nophuhliso, uyilo kunye nemveliso ngokwandisa iinzame zophando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokwazisa izixhobo zokuvelisa zangaphandle ezihambele phambili, ezihambelana nentsingiselo engenakuthintelwa yophuhliso loshishino lwexesha elizayo.

2. Qonda imveliso yobuninzi eguquguqukayo kakhulu kwaye ulandele umgangatho ongcono

Ukuveliswa kunye nokuveliswa kweshishini leemveliso zanamhlanje, ngokukodwa ukuveliswa kunye nokuveliswa kweebheringi ezincinci kunye neziphakathi, ngokusisiseko zineempawu zeentlobo ezincinci kunye nobuninzi obukhulu. Ke ngoko, umgca wemveliso yeebheringi ezinomthamo ophezulu uzenzekela kakhulu, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo nako kuphezulu. Kodwa inye kuphela okanye iimveliso ezininzi ezifanayo kakhulu ezihambelana noyilo lomgca wemveliso zinokulungiswa. Ngophuculo olukhawulezayo lweemveliso zanamhlanje, ukucokiswa okuqhubekayo kunye nokulungelelaniswa kweemfuno zabathengi, imfuno yemarike yeemveliso ezahlukeneyo kunye neebhetshi ezincinci ziyanda. Xa ujongene nemeko enjalo, imigca yokuvelisa "eqinile" okanye ephantsi-eguquguqukayo ayinakukwazi okanye ibiza kakhulu ukulungelelanisa. Ngoko ke, ukuphucula ukuguquguquka komgca wokuvelisa kunye nokugcina ixabiso eliphantsi elifanayo njengemveliso yobuninzi-oko kukuthi, ukuveliswa kobuninzi obuguquguqukayo ngumngeni obalulekileyo kwimveliso ehlakaniphile kwikamva.

Ngaphezu koko, ngophuhliso loshishino lwelizwe lam, iimveliso eziveliswa kwilizwe lam ziye zangena ngokuthe ngcembe kumda wokuthengwa kwempahla yabanye abasebenzisi basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe abanika ingqwalasela enkulu kumgangatho wemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, aba bathengi abaxabisi kuphela umxholo wezobugcisa wemveliso, kodwa kunye nomgangatho wemveliso. Amashishini alandela umgangatho ongcono wemveliso kunye nokulawula ngokungqongqo imveliso yemveliso, ehambelana nomgangatho wemveliso.

3. Ukubonisa ngakumbi icandelo elikhethekileyo labasebenzi ngokwamacandelo emarike

Iibheringi zokutyibilika, ngakumbi ukuzithambisaiibheringi, zikhona kwiindidi ezininzi kunye neenkcukacha ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwazo okwahlukileyo. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeebheringi zokutyibiliza zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo kumgangatho wonyango lobushushu, ukuchaneka komatshini, indlela yonyango yomphezulu, idigri ye-automation yezixhobo zemveliso kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa, ngoko ke amashishini akhoyo asebenzayo agxile kwintsimi ethile okanye kwicandelo lemarike. Emva kwamakhulu eminyaka yophuhliso, ishishini elivelisayo lamazwe ngamazwe lenze icandelo elizinzileyo nelikhethekileyo labasebenzi. Izigebenga zamazwe ngamazwe ziququzelela imveliso ekhethekileyo kumacandelo azo emarike. Kwixesha elizayo, abavelisi basekhaya bezinto ezityibilikayo bayakucacisa ngakumbi ukuma kwemveliso, bathathe indlela yolwahlulo olukhethekileyo lwabasebenzi, bomeleze kwaye balungise imarike, kwaye bafezekise uqoqosho lwesikali.